Veremeichik G.N., Silantieva S.A., Grigorchuk V.P., Tikhonova O.A., Brodovskaya E.V., Subbotin E.P., Tchernoded G.K., Yaroshenko Y.I., Kozhanov S.O., Sibirev A.V., Kulchin Y.N., Bulgakov V.P.
В журнале Plant Biotechnology Reports
Год: 2025
Numerous bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs) of plants are used in a variety of industries. Plant biotechnology has made significant advances and applications of callus cultures in pharmacology, pharmaceuticals, horticulture, and agriculture have emerged over the past few decades. The search for effective, environmentally friendly, and nature-like approaches to activate the biosynthesis of SMs in plant cell cultures is an urgent task. A modern approach that meets these requirements is the use of modulated light-emitting diode (LED) lighting. In the present work, we investigated the ability of modulated LEDs to increase the productivity of callus cultures of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC) cultivated continuously for more than 150 passages. The Mediterranean crop artichoke is useful in pharmaceuticals because of its caffeic acid derivatives (CADs). In the present study, we investigated the effects of warm white and monochromatic lights with a wide range of intensities (50–600 μmol m−2 s−1) on the growth and biosynthetic capacity of C. cardunculus calli. Red light had the greatest growth-stimulating effect regardless of intensity. Cultivation under red light at an intensity of 100 µmol m−2 s−1 improved the growth of calli more than 1.7-fold. We observed changes in the contents of the two most abundant defined caffeoylquinic acids in C. cardunculus calli, monocaffeoylquinic acid (mCQ) and dicaffeoylquinic acid (dCQ). Considering growth and content, low-intensity (50 µmol m−2 s−1) blue light, which was more than 10 times greater (71 mg/L) than the dark-grown control, was the most effective treatment for increasing caffeoylquinic acid productivity in C. cardunculus calli. The effect of red light on the productivity of caffeoylquinic acids was not as strong but was stable and did not depend on intensity.
